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There are round shaped grafts that contain 10 to 15 hairs whereas mini grafts have between 2 to 4. Micrografts, on the other hand, contain 2 to 4. Other examples are strip and slit grafts. There will be a requirement for several sessions to be able to obtain desired outcomes. As for recovery, it will take several months. It takes a further two years or so to see final results. The required coverage will depend on the color and texture of hairs. Better results are realized with coarse and gray hair as opposed to fine and dark colored ones.
Before surgery, donor area gets trimmed to enable the grafts to be easily accessed and removed. In the case of punch grafts, there will be use of tube-like instruments to punch the graft from donor area to be used in affected areas. For other types of grafts, a scalpel is used for removing sections of hair bearing scalp. As grafts are taken, the doctor may inject small quantities of saline solution so that skin strength is maintained.
If there is to be proper circulation in the scalp, there should be placement of grafts one eighth of an inch apart. For sessions after the first, spaces that were left between plugs will get filled using grafts. There must be very special care when it comes to removal of grafts to enable hairs to naturally grow in the required direction. This also ensures donor sites are not negatively affected.
Tissue expansion is the other option that one can go for. It is mostly used for reconstructive surgery so as to repair wounds brought about by burns. For the procedure, there is use of tissue expanders which are inserted under the scalp portions with hairs. The portions need to be close to bald areas. The expander will be inflated gradually using salt for weeks. The leads to expansion of skin and growth of new cells.
Flap surgery for restoration has been done for 20 years plus. It makes it possible to cover large areas of baldness. Size of flap used and the way it is placed will depend on needs and goals of the patient. A single flap can do what 350 punch grafts can do. Hair-bearing flaps are lifted and sewn into their new position while still tethered to their original blood supply.
Scalp reduction is used for covering bald areas at the back and top of the head. It is not ideal for covering frontal hairlines. After injection of the scalp with local anesthetic, segments of the bald scalp are removed. The skin around the area that is cut is pulled so that sections that bear hairs are brought together before being closed with stitches.
The applied procedures depend on an individual. You would need to visit a doctor prior to treatment. They will recommend what is best suited.
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